Question: Name the electromagnetic wave used (i) in radar, (ii) in eye surgery and (iii) as diagnostic tool in medicine. Write their wavelength range also.
Step 1 (Identification of Electromagnetic Waves): [1 Mark]
Based on the properties of the electromagnetic spectrum as per NCERT standards, the waves are identified as follows:
- (i) Radar: Microwaves
- (ii) Eye Surgery: Ultraviolet (UV) rays
- (iii) Diagnostic tool in medicine: X-rays
Step 2 (Wavelength Range Specification): [1.5 Marks]
The wavelength ranges ($\lambda$) for these specific electromagnetic waves are defined as:
- Microwaves: $$10^{-3} \, \text{m} < \lambda < 0.3 \, \text{m}$$
- Ultraviolet rays: $$6 \times 10^{-10} \, \text{m} < \lambda < 4 \times 10^{-7} \, \text{m}$$
- X-rays: $$10^{-13} \, \text{m} < \lambda < 10^{-8} \, \text{m}$$
Step 3 (Final Concluded Answer): [0.5 Mark]
The correct identification and corresponding wavelength ranges are summarized in the table below:
| Application | EM Wave | Wavelength Range |
|---|---|---|
| Radar | Microwaves | $$10^{-3} \, \text{m} \text{ to } 0.3 \, \text{m}$$ |
| Eye Surgery | Ultraviolet | $$6 \times 10^{-10} \, \text{m} \text{ to } 4 \times 10^{-7} \, \text{m}$$ |
| Medical Diagnosis | X-rays | $$10^{-13} \, \text{m} \text{ to } 10^{-8} \, \text{m}$$ |
💡 EL10 Concept Insight: Think of the electromagnetic spectrum like a musical scale; just as different notes have different pitches, these waves have different "sizes" (wavelengths) that make them perfect for specific jobs—like how microwaves bounce off planes to find them, or how tiny X-rays are small enough to slip through your skin but get stopped by your dense bones.